Brevis a natura nobis vita data est, at memoria bene redditж vitж est sempiterna.
Marcus Tullius Cicero

The analytic review of the national and foreign literature about problem of malignant transformation of sacrococcygeal pilonidal cysts is presented in the article. Here we expound the subject matters of prevalence of disease, clinical presentation, diagnostics, therapeutic approach and results of treatment these patients. The main problems of diagnostics and treatment of arcinoma arising in sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus are singled out. The basic risk factors and redisposing factors of malignant transformation of sacrococcygeal pilonidal cysts are marked. It is showed, that principle direction for improvement of results of treatment patients with arcinoma arising in pilonidal sinus is early it diagnostics by means observation of the patients which have high risk of beginning its complication.

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer incidence and mortality. In 2008 inRussian Federation55 719 new cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed and 37 911 patients died of this disease. A significant progress was achieved in metastatic colorectal cancer treatment during the last decades. A lot of treatment options became available: from 5-fluoruracil monotherapy to combined treatment treatment schemes including surgery. A group of patients with isolated liver metastases was distinguished, who can achieve 5-year survival rate of 40 % after systemic treatment and surgery. Today, based on clinical data and molecular analysis, we come close to individualized treatment of this patient group. In this literature review results of metastatic colorectal cancer chemotherapy are being analyzed and rational treatment tactic is proposed based on therapy goals.

More than 200 years of laparoscopic surgery history from Avicenna to modern days is presented in this article. Based on a large literature review feasibility and significance of minimally invasive techniques in different fields of surgery was demonstrated. The rationale of using laporoscopic surgery in oncoproctology was demonstrated in several clinical trials along with possibility to follow key rules of oncologic surgery (high vascular ligation, lymph node dissection, no touch technique) laparoscopically. This results allow us to view the future perspectives of improving results for this patient group optimistically, facilitating early social and labor rehabilitation for colorectal cancer patients.

This study demonstrates effective thoracic epidural analgesia by ropivacain 0.2 %, phentanyl 2 mkg/ml, adrenaline 2 mkg/ml in single-use infusion pumps in 124 patients, who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer. Safe, effective and controllable analgesia was observed during surgery and postoperative period. Prolonged analgesia facilitates early rehabilitation and improves gastrointestinal peristaltic activity.  Prolonged epidural analgesia is the recommended method of analgesia in this group of patients.

Surgical and long-term results of 14 total pelvic exenteration were analyzed. The group included 6 patients (5 men, 1 woman) with primary rectal cancer, and 8 patients (7 men, 1 woman) with the locally-advanced recurrent rectal cancer. The mean operative time was 403 ± 133.1 min (from 240 to 680 min). The average blood loss — 5169 ml (1200 to 15 000 ml). Both female patients were underwent infralevatoric total pelvic exenteration. Supralevatoric total pelvic exenteration were performed in 5 male patients. In these patients full recovery of the colon passage, and in the urinary tract — orthotopic plastic of the urinary bladder (Studer procedure) was achieved. R0 resection was performed in 11 (78.5 %) cases, the presence of microscopic tumor growth in the lateral resection margin was found in 3 (21.5 %)  patients (R1). Postoperative complications occurred in 8 patients, requiring surgical correction in 3 cases. Long-term results were followed up in 12 patients during the period from 16 to 57 months after surgery (median — 31 months). Overall survival in these periods was  83.3 % (10 patients). Disease-free survival — 75 % (9 patients). Influence of the reconstruction phase on the long-term results was not observed. Functional results are evaluated as good in all patients after orthotopic plastic of the bladder. Performing of pelvic exenteration for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer is a chance to achieve radical removal of the tumor and, as a consequence, the long-term survival in this extremely difficult group of patients. Performing of full reconstruction of the urinary tract allows to improve the quality of life of patientswith no adverse influence on oncologic outcomes.

Migratory venous thrombosis is a manifestation of the rare paraneoplastic syndrome in patients with malignant neoplasms. The paper describes successful surgical treatment in a young patient with a colon tumor associated with Trousseau’s syndrome. The latter manifesting itself as ischemia forced urgent surgeons to amputate the lower third of the left leg. Locally advanced transverse colon cancer spreading to the great vessels was subsequently diagnosed. All paraneoplastic manifestations disappeared after tumor removal. The patient was professionally given surgical, anesthesiological, and resuscitative aids that not only improved his quality of life, but also gave the chance to prolong it.