Changes in clinical guidelines of 2023 and 2025 on treatment of cutaneous and mucosal melanoma

The article presents a comparative analysis of Russian clinical recommendations on treatment of melanoma of the skin and mucous membranes during a period of 2020 and 2023, as well as foreign recommendations of N CCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) and ESMO (European Society for Medical Oncology) of 2025. The main debatable issues related to changes on melanoma therapy in 2025 are presented for discussion. The topic of modifying the treatment of patients with melanoma with metastases in the brain is highlighted. New treatment options for patients with metastatic and unresectable (stage IIIC–D) melanoma are discussed, as well as the neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy options for stage II–III cutaneous melanoma. Various treatment options for patients with local stage melanoma are considered. Among other, the recommendations of 2025 are supplemented with treatment options for melanoma in children.
Aim. To highlight changes in clinical guidelines for treatment of melanoma of the skin and mucous membranes for use in daily clinical practice.

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