The role of conservative therapy in the treatment of complicated colorectal cancer

Objective: to evaluate the possibilities of conservative treatment of patients with complications of colorectal cancer.

Materials and methods. The study included the results of treatment of 105 patients with complications of colorectal cancer treated on the basis of the District Clinical Hospital of Surgut for the period 2012—2017. Of these, 86 (81.9 %) patients with acute obstructive intestinal obstruction, 11 (10.5 %) patients with bleeding from colon tumors, and 8 (7.6 %) patients with purulent-septic complications of colon cancer.

Results. The complex of conservative measures, including colon stenting, provides restoration of the passage through the digestive tract in 79.1 % of patients, which allows preparing the patient to perform surgery, thereby reducing the risk of complications. Twenty-eight (27.6 %) patients were operated on an emergency basis: due to the lack of effect from conservative therapy for acute intestinal obstruction — 18 (17.1 %) patients, due to peritonitis — 8 (7.6 %), due to recurrent colonic bleeding — 3 (2.9 %) patients. The death rate was 13.8 % (n = 4). In the delayed order after successful conservative therapy, 70 (66.7 %) patients underwent surgical treatment in the surgical and oncology departments. Postoperative mortality was 1.4 % (n = 1).

Conclusion. The complex of conservative measures, which allows avoiding emergency surgical intervention at the urgent stage of treatment, is the basis for carrying out a full-fledged surgical intervention in a delayed procedure in a specialized hospital, observing the principles of oncological radicalism.

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